eprintid: 517 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 5 dir: disk0/00/00/05/17 datestamp: 2011-06-30 lastmod: 2013-07-01 11:29:31 status_changed: 2013-07-01 11:29:31 type: techreport metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 0 creators_name: Rocca, Paolo creators_name: Poli, Lorenzo creators_name: Oliveri, Giacomo creators_name: Massa, Andrea title: Synthesis of time-modulated planar arrays with controlled harmonic radiations ispublished: pub subjects: TU full_text_status: public keywords: Time Modulation, Planar Arrays, Pattern Synthesis, Particle Swarm Optimization abstract: This paper presents a technique for the control of the sideband radiations in time-modulated planar arrays. The proposed method is aimed at generating a desired pattern at the carrier frequency as well as reducing the power losses and the interferences related to the harmonic radiations. By acting on both the durations and the commutation instants of the time pulses controlling the element switches, the method based on a Particle Swarm Optimizer is applied. Representative results are reported and discussed to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. date: 2011-01 date_type: published institution: University of Trento department: informaticat refereed: TRUE referencetext: [1] H. E. Shanks and R. W. Bickmore, "Four-dimensional electromagnetic radiators"; Canad.J. Phys., vol. 37, pp. 263-275, 1959. [2] W. H. Kummer, A. T. Villeneuve, T. S. Fong , and F. G. Terrio, "Ultra-low sidelobes fromtime-modulated arrays"; IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 633-639, Nov.1963. [3] S. Yang, Z. Nie, and F. Yang, "Synthesis of low sidelobe planar antenna arrays with timemodulation"; in Proc. APMC 2005 Asia-Pacific Microw. Conf., Suzhou, China, 4-7 Dec.2005, vol. 3, pp. 3. [4] Y. Chen, S. Yang, Z. Nie, "Synthesis of satellite footprint patterns from time-modulatedplanar arrays with very low dynamic range ratios"; Int. J. Numer. Model., vol. 21, pp.493-506, 2008. [5] J. Fondevila, J. C. Brégains, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, "Optimizing uniformly excited lineararrays through time modulation"; IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 3, pp. 298-301, 2004. [6] S. Yang, Y. B.Gan, A. Qing, and P. K. Tan, "Design of a uniform amplitude time modulatedlinear array with optimized time sequences"; IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, no.7, pp. 2337-2339, Jul. 2005. [7] J. Fondevila, J. C. Brégains, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, "Application of time modulation inthe synthesis of sum and difference patterns by using linear arrays"; Microw. Opt. Technol.Lett., vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 829-832, May 2006. [8] S. Yang, Y. B. Gan, and A. Qing "Sideband suppression in time-modulated linear arraysby the differential evolution algorithm"; IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 1, pp.173-175, 2002. [9] S. Yang and Z. Nie, "Time modulated planar arrays with square lattices and circular bound-aries"; Int. J. Numer. Model., vol. 18, pp. 469-480, 2005. [10] Y. Chen, S. Yang, Z. Nie, “Synthesis of optimal sum and difference patterns from timemodulated hexagonal planar arrays,” Int. J. Infrared Milli. Waves, vol. 29, pp. 933-945, 2008. [11] C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley (3rd Ed.), 2005. [12] M. I. Skolnik. Radar Handbook. New York, McGraw-Hill (3rd Ed.), 2008. [13] J. C. Brégains, J. Fondevila, G. Franceschetti, and F. Ares, “Signal radiation and power losses of time-modulated arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1799- 1804, Jun. 2008. [14] L. Poli, P. Rocca, L. Manica, and A. Massa, “Handling sideband radiations in timemodulated arrays thorugh particle swarm optimization,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., in press. [15] P. Rocca and A. Massa, “Innovative approaches for optimized performance in timemodulated linear arrays,” Proc. 2009 IEEE Antennas & Propagation International Symp., Charleston, SC (USA), June 1-5, 2009, pp. 4. [16] J. Kennedy, R. C. Eberhart, and Y. Shi, Swarm Intelligence. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, 2001. [17] M. Donelli and A. Massa, “Computational approach based on a particle swarm optimizer for microwave imaging of two-dimensional dielectric scatterers,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1761-1776, May 2005. [18] L. Manica, P. Rocca, L. Poli, and A. Massa, “Almost time-independent performance in time-modulated linear arrays ,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 843- 846, 2009. [19] R. S. Elliott, Antenna Theory and Design. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley (2nd Ed.), 2003. [20] P. Rocca, M. Benedetti, M. Donelli, D. Franceschini, and A. Massa, “Evolutionary optimization as applied to inverse problems,” Inverse Problems, vol. 25, pp. 1-41, Dec. 2009. citation: Rocca, Paolo and Poli, Lorenzo and Oliveri, Giacomo and Massa, Andrea (2011) Synthesis of time-modulated planar arrays with controlled harmonic radiations. [Technical Report] document_url: http://www.eledia.org/students-reports/517/1/DISI-11-099-R190.pdf